Comparative evaluation of bioremediation and electroremediation methods for soil decontamination by hydrocarbons
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Abstract
Bioremediation of soils contaminated by hydrocarbons is a growing technique in Latin America to mitigate environmental problems. This article evaluates three approaches: soil washing with surfactants, biological method with solid culture and electroremediation. A mixed approach was used, combining quantitative and qualitative analyses. Washing with surfactants is effective for permeable soils, but generates secondary waste. The biological method showed a high removal of contaminants (94.8%), while electroremediation achieved 80% removal in poorly permeable soils. There is no universally effective method; It is recommended to combine techniques according to the type of contaminant and soil conditions.
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