Evaluación del desempeño de la gestión de la seguridad y salud en el trabajo en PYMES ecuatorianas: Concepción teórico metodológica del procedimiento con enfoque educativo

Resumen

Occupational safety and health (OSH) remain a fundamental axis for ensuring organizational sustainability and workers’ wellbeing. In the case of Ecuadorian small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs), preventive management is still at an incipient stage, characterized by limited resources, scarce formalization of processes, and weak integration of a preventive culture. This situation generates a significant gap in the evaluation of OSH management performance, hindering the measurement of effectiveness and the consolidation of collective learning. This study proposes a theoretical methodological procedure for evaluating OSH management performance in Ecuadorian SMEs, grounded in principles of logical consistency, flexibility, rationality, transcendence, systematicity, and perspective. The procedure is structured into four phases: diagnosis, identification of a mathematical model, intervention, and feedback. It integrates technical indicators (frequency, severity, and risk rates) with educational tools aimed at organizational learning and the development of preventive competencies. The main innovation of the proposal lies in the incorporation of the educational dimension as a transversal axis, turning performance evaluation into a continuous teaching learning process that strengthens preventive culture and corporate social responsibility. This approach provides a practical and sustainable alternative for improving preventive management in Ecuadorian SMEs and projects its replicability to other sectors and countries in the region.